The revolution industry on 18th century has made a fundamental change in the production method and production develops into a round about process because of mechanization. Machines and equipments office are a great value to the modern management because these are labor and time saving devices. The mechanical devices adoption not only creates for greater economy and efficiency, but also reduces human labor for less tiresome and less monotonous. The practice of machine guarantees accuracy and operation speed, and decreases monotony and work tension. The process mechanization has created to save time, relieve monotony in work, promote accuracy in work, and decrease the frauds chances.
The automation indicates substitute of human labor by the machines utilization. The mechanical operations or doing of office work with less human participation are called as automation. The mechanization and automation are not identical and as such automation contains something more than mechanization. The information recording, processing and controlling by mechanical and electronic devices is called as automation. The automation utilization is created for compiling reports, data processing, and doing accounting work. The electronic data processing and computer technology are the best models of automation.
Automation is the machines application to tasks once executed by human beings or more and more to tasks that would otherwise be impracticable. Even though the mechanization term is frequently utilized to refer to the simple substitute of human labor by machines, automation usually involves the machines integration into a system of self-governing. Automation has developed those areas which have been established, and there is barely a characteristic of modern life that has been unchanged by it. Though the difference between mechanization and automation may be difficult to describe in practice, the difference between society of mechanized and automated is more clearly detained; the automation introduction has brought around a new and separate stage in the industrial civilization development. Human beings have attempted to move some of the labor burden to devices of mechanized for as long as they have operated.
The correct automation, as different from mechanization, did not approach about until the feedback systems development; it is the occurrence of these systems which serves to differentiate the two. Feedback submits to the machine ability to control itself. Throughout a system of feedback or loop, a machine checks its own output, evaluated it with a standards set saved, alongside with instructions and regulates its performance consequently. Every automated system or machine needs 4 basic components: they are power source, decisions element, control element, and sensing mechanisms.
The power source can be electric generator or batteries which provide an automated system with the energy required to reach its wanted task. The decision element evaluates the data provided by the sensing element with standards saved in the program, this step is frequently performed by a computer. The sensing mechanism allows the system to calculate some the output property. Sensing mechanisms are such as photoelectric cells, X-ray machines, thermocouples, and electrical meters and the properties they may calculate comprise color, weight, dimensions, pressure, temperature, or electrical resistance.