A RTU stands for remote terminal unit is a microprocessor-controlled electronic device that connects objects in the physical to a SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition system) or DCS (distributed control system) by transferring data telemetry to the system, and with messages from the system of supervisory to manage associated objects. An additional term that may be utilized for RTU is remote telemetry unit, the general practice term differ with the area of application in general.
An RTU supervises the field of analog and digital parameters and transfers data to the Station of Central Monitoring. An RTU can be connected with the Central Station with diverse media communication generally is serial port or Ethernet. RTU is able to support standard protocols to link any software from third party. In the some of application control, RTUs trigger high current relays capacity to a board of digital output (DO) to turn power on and off to the machines in the field. The board of DO controls voltage to the coil in the relay, which closes the contacts of high current, which finishes the power circuit to the machine. An RTU can supervise different types of analog inputs including 4–20 mA, 0–10 V., −2.5 to 2.5 V, 1–5 V etc.; the host system or RTU then converts this raw data into the suitable units for example gallons of water left or temperature before showing the data to the user through the HMI.
RTUs are different from PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers) in that RTUs are more appropriate for large geographical telemetry, frequently using communications wireless, while PLCs are more appropriate for control of local area where the system uses physical media for control. The programming tool of IEC 61131 is more accepted for use with PLCs, while RTUs frequently utilize proprietary programming tools.
Applications of RTU
• Instrumentation monitoring of oil and gas remote.
• Remote pump stations networks.
• Monitoring and control of Hydro-graphic.
• Applications of mine site monitoring.
• Data logging and protection supervision of power transmission network
• Equipment of air traffic for example navigation aids
• Warning sirens of outdoor, in both controlling and sending back data for verification of trouble with the siren, activation, and other data.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a set of rules or protocol utilized along with the IP (Internet Protocol) to transmit data in the message units form between computers through the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the real data delivery, TCP takes care of keeping individual units track of the data called as packets that a message is separated into for proficient routing throughout the Internet.
For instance, when the file of HTML is transmitted to you from a Web server, the program of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) layer in that server separates the file into one or more packets, amounts the packets, and then advances them separately to the program layer of Internet Protocol. Even though every packet has the same IP address destination, it may obtain routed in a different way via the network. At the other hand, the client program in the computer, TCP rebuilds the own packets and stays until they have landed to forward them to you as a particular file.
TCP is recognized as a connection oriented protocol, which represents that a connection is recognized and sustained until such time as the messages to be replaced by the programs of application at every end have been replaced. TCP is in charge for ensuring that a message is separated into the packets that IP supervises and for rebuilding the packets back into the entire message at the other end.
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